Anti-cancer agents induce a variety of adverse effects when they are administered to cancer patients. Busulfan is a known anti-leukemia agent. When administered for treatment of leukemia in young patients, busulfan could cause damage of the reproductive system as one of its adverse effects, resulting in male sterility.

Korean Red Ginseng – a steamed root of Panax ginseng Meyer – has long been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries. Its anti-pruritic effect was recently found, but no molecular mechanisms were revealed. Thus, the current study focused on determining the underlying molecular mechanism of Korean Red Ginseng extract (RGE) against histamine-induced itch at the peripheral sensory neuronal level.

It has been known that ginseng can be applied as a potential nutraceutical for memory impairment, however experiments with animals of old age are few.

Panax ginseng has been used to prolong longevity and is believed to be useful for skin beauty. Ginsenosides are the most active components isolated from ginseng, and ginsenoside Rg3 (G-Rg3) in particular has been demonstrated to possess antioxidative, anti-tumorigenic, and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of G-Rg3 to inhibit melanogenesis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Chronic gut inflammation is recognized as a risk factor for tumor development, including CRC. American ginseng is a very commonly used ginseng species in the West.

Ginseng, a perennial plant belonging to the genus Panax of Araliaceae, is well known for its medicinal properties that help alleviate pathological symptoms, promote health, and prevent potential diseases. Among the active ingredients of ginseng are saponins, most of which are glycosides of triterpenoid aglycones. So far, numerous saponins have been reported as components of Panax ginseng, also known as Korean ginseng. Herein, we summarize available information about 113 saponins related to Panax ginseng; more than 80 of them are isolated from raw or processed ginseng, and the others are acid/base hydrolysates, semi-synthetic saponins, or metabolites.

Minor ginsenosides, low content in ginseng, have higher pharmacological activities. To obtain minor ginsenosides, the biotransformation of American ginseng PPD-ginsenoside was studied using special ginsenosidase type-I from Aspegillus niger g.848. The methods of DEAE-cellulose and PAGE were used in enzyme purification, TLC and HPLC were used in enzyme hydrolysis and kinetics; crude enzyme was used in minor ginsenoside preparation from PPD-ginsenoside; the products were separated with silica-gel-column, and recognised by HPLC and NMR.