Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In this study, we used a bioactivity-guided isolation technique to identify constituents of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) with anti-proliferative activity against human lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Production of ginsenoside aglycone (protopanaxatriol) and male sterility of transgenic tobacco co-overexpressing three Panax ginseng genes: PgDDS, CYP716A47, and CYP716A53v2
Protopanaxatriol is an aglycone of ginsenosides, which has high medicinal values. Production of protopanaxatriol (PPT) from natural ginseng plants requires artificial deglycosylation procedures of ginsenosides via enzymatic or chemo-physical treatments. Metabolic engineering could be an efficient technology for production of ginsenoside sapogenin. For PPT biosynthesis in P. ginseng, damarenediol-II synthase (PgDDS) and two cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP716A47 and CYP716A53v2) are essentially required.
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Korean ginseng extract ameliorates abnormal immune response through the regulation of inflammatory constituents in Sprague-Dawley rat subjected to environmental heat stress
Increases in the average global temperature cause heat stress-induced disorders by disrupting homeostasis. Excessive heat stress triggers an imbalance in the immune system; thus protection against heat stress is important to maintain immune homeostasis. Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has been used as a herbal medicine and displays beneficial biological properties.
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Ginseng extracts modulate mitochondrial bioenergetics of live cardiomyoblasts: a functional comparison of different extraction solvents
Root of Panax ginseng, a member of Araliaceae family, has been used as herbal medicine and functional food in Asia for thousands of years. According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), ginseng is the most widely used “Qi-invigorating” herbs, which provides tonic and preventive effects by resisting oxidative stress, influencing energy metabolism and improving mitochondrial function. Very few reports have systematically measured cell mitochondrial bioenergetics after ginseng treatment.
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BIOGF1K, a compound K-rich fraction of ginseng, plays an anti-inflammatory role by targeting an AP-1 signaling pathway in RAW264.7 macrophage-like cells
An anti-inflammatory function of BIOGF1K was explored. BIOGF1K suppressed nitric oxide (NO) generation and mRNA expression of inflammatory genes. BIOGF1K also suppressed nuclear translocation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKKs). The study suggests that BIOGF1K plays an anti-inflammatory role in macrophage.
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Whitening efficacy of ginsenoside F1 through inhibition of melanin transfer in co-cultured human melanocytes-keratinocytes and three-dimensional human skin equivalent
GF1 suppresses dendrite formation of melanocytes, resulting in inhibition of melanosome transfer into keratinocytes in human cell co-cultures and 3D-human skin equivalent. Our results suggested that GF1 is a potent ginsenoside possessing potential as a depigmentary agent for pigmentary disorders and a cosmetic ingredient for lightening of skin color.
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Panaxadiol saponins (PDS) treatment caused the subtle variations in the global transcriptional state of Asiaticcorn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis
The lepidopteran Asiatic corn borer (ACB), Ostriniafurnacalis (Guenee), has caused huge economic losses throughout the Asian-Western Pacific region. Usually, chemical pesticides are used to control, but excessive use of pesticides has caused great harm. Therefore, the inartificial ecotypic pesticides to ACB are extremely essential. In our previous study, we found that panaxadiol saponins (PDS) can effectively reduce the harm of ACB by causing antifeedant activity. So, it is necessary to reveal the biological molecular changes in ACB and the functionary mechanism of PDS.
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Multitarget effects of Korean red ginseng in animal model of Parkinson's disease: Anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and maintenance of blood-brain barrier integrity
Ginsenosides are the main ingredients of Korean red ginseng (KRG). They have extensively been studied for their beneficial value in neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the multitarget effects of KRG extract (KRGE) with various components are unclear.
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Emerging signals modulating potential of ginseng and its active compounds focusing on Neurodegenerative diseases
Common features of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) include progressive dysfunctions and neuronal injuries leading to deterioration in normal brain functions. At present, ginseng is one of the most frequently used natural products and its use has a long history as a cure for various diseases because its extracts and active compounds exhibit several pharmacological properties against several disorders. However, the pathophysiology of NDDs is not fully clear, but researchers have been found that various ion channels and specific signaling pathways might be contributed to the disease pathogenesis.
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Panax ginseng as an adjuvant treatment for Alzheimer’s disease
Longevity in medicine can be defined as a long life without mental or physical deficits. This can be prevented by Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Current conventional AD treatments only alleviate the symptoms without reversing AD progression. Recent studies demonstrated that Panax ginseng extract improves AD symptoms in AD patients and the two main components of ginseng might contribute to AD amelioration. Ginsenosides show various AD-related neuroprotective effects. Gintonin is a newly identified ginseng constituent that contains lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs), and attenuates AD-related brain neuropathies.
