Induction of Nrf2/ARE-mediated cytoprotective genes by red ginseng oil through ASK1-MKK4/7-JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in HepG2 cells

The induction of cellular defensive genes such as phase II detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes is highly effective strategy for protection against carcinogenesis as well as slowing cancer development. Transcription factor Nrf2 is responsible for the activation of phase II enzymes induced by natural chemopreventive compounds.