Complete 1H and 13C NMR spectral analysis of the pairs of 20(S) and 20(R)-ginsenosides – Accepted Manuscript

Abstract: Ginsenosides, the major ingredients of Panax ginseng, have been under investigation for many decades due to a wide range of pharmacological activities in Asian countries. The less polar ginsenosides having one or two sugar residues are not present in nature and produced in the manufacturing process including heating, steaming, acid hydrolysis and enzyme reactions. Up to now, the 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic data for identification of the less polar ginsenosides are often not available or scattered. We isolated 21 compounds including 10 pairs of 20(S) and 20(R) less polar ginsenosides (1-20), and an oleanane-type triterpene (21) from the processed ginseng preparation and tried to provide the complete 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic data of the following compounds 1-21 for the rapid identification; 20(S)-ginsenosides Rh2 (1), 20(R)-Rh2 (2), 20(S)-Rg3 (3), 20(R)-Rg3 (4), 6′-O-acetyl-20(S)-Rh2 (20(S)-AcetylRh2) (5), 20(R)-AcetylRh2 (6), 25-hydroxy-20(S)-Rh2 (7), 25-hydroxy-20(S)-Rh2 (8), 20(S)-Rh1 (9), 20(R)-Rh1 (10), 20(S)-Rg2 (11), 20(R)-Rg2 (12), 25-hydroxy-20(S)-Rh1 (13), 25-hydroxy-20(R)-Rh1 (14), 20(S)-AcetylRg2 (15), 20(R)-AcetylRg2 (16), Rh4 (17), Rg5 (18), Rk1 (19), 25-hydroxy-Rh4 (20), and oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (21).