Fermentation of red ginseng extract by the probiotic KCCM 11613P: Ginsenoside conversion and antioxidant effects

Ginsenosides, which are bioactive components in ginseng, can be converted to smaller size compounds for improvement of their pharmacological activities. The conversion methods include heating; acid, alkali, and enzymatic treatment; and microbial conversion. The aim of this study was to determine the bioconversion of ginsenosides in fermented red ginseng extract (FRGE).