Ginsenoside Rg3 (G-Rg3) is the major bioactive ingredient of Panax ginseng and has many pharmacological effects including anti-adipogenic, anti-viral, and anti-cancer effects. However, the effect of G-Rg3 on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation has not been investigated.

The anti-oxidant effects of Panax ginseng have been reported in several papers; however, little is known about the anti-melanogenesis effect, skin protective effect, and cellular mechanism of Panax ginseng, especially Panax ginseng calyx. To understand how an ethanol extract of P. ginseng berry calyx (Pg-C-EE) exerts skin protective effects we studied its activities in activated melanocytes and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced keratinocytes.

Diabetic sensorineural damage is a complication of the sensory neural system, resulting from long-term hyperglycemia. Red ginseng (RG) has shown efficacy for treatment of various diseases, including diabetes mellitus; however, there is little research about its benefit for treating sensorineural damage. Therefore, we aim to evaluate RG efficacy in alloxan-induced diabetic neuromast (AIDN) zebrafish.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In this study, we used a bioactivity-guided isolation technique to identify constituents of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) with anti-proliferative activity against human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Protopanaxatriol is an aglycone of ginsenosides, which has high medicinal values. Production of protopanaxatriol (PPT) from natural ginseng plants requires artificial deglycosylation procedures of ginsenosides via enzymatic or chemo-physical treatments. Metabolic engineering could be an efficient technology for production of ginsenoside sapogenin. For PPT biosynthesis in P. ginseng, damarenediol-II synthase (PgDDS) and two cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP716A47 and CYP716A53v2) are essentially required.

Increases in the average global temperature cause heat stress-induced disorders by disrupting homeostasis. Excessive heat stress triggers an imbalance in the immune system; thus protection against heat stress is important to maintain immune homeostasis. Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has been used as a herbal medicine and displays beneficial biological properties.

Root of Panax ginseng, a member of Araliaceae family, has been used as herbal medicine and functional food in Asia for thousands of years. According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), ginseng is the most widely used “Qi-invigorating” herbs, which provides tonic and preventive effects by resisting oxidative stress, influencing energy metabolism and improving mitochondrial function. Very few reports have systematically measured cell mitochondrial bioenergetics after ginseng treatment.

An anti-inflammatory function of BIOGF1K was explored. BIOGF1K suppressed nitric oxide (NO) generation and mRNA expression of inflammatory genes. BIOGF1K also suppressed nuclear translocation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKKs). The study suggests that BIOGF1K plays an anti-inflammatory role in macrophage.

GF1 suppresses dendrite formation of melanocytes, resulting in inhibition of melanosome transfer into keratinocytes in human cell co-cultures and 3D-human skin equivalent. Our results suggested that GF1 is a potent ginsenoside possessing potential as a depigmentary agent for pigmentary disorders and a cosmetic ingredient for lightening of skin color.

The lepidopteran Asiatic corn borer (ACB), Ostriniafurnacalis (Guenee), has caused huge economic losses throughout the Asian-Western Pacific region. Usually, chemical pesticides are used to control, but excessive use of pesticides has caused great harm. Therefore, the inartificial ecotypic pesticides to ACB are extremely essential. In our previous study, we found that panaxadiol saponins (PDS) can effectively reduce the harm of ACB by causing antifeedant activity. So, it is necessary to reveal the biological molecular changes in ACB and the functionary mechanism of PDS.