Korean ginseng is an important cash crop in Asian countries. However, plant yield is reduced by pathogens. Among the Ilyonectria radicicola-species complex, I. mors-panacis is responsible for root-rot and replant failure of ginseng in Asia. The development of new methods to reveal the existence of the pathogen before cultivation is started is essential. Therefore, a qRT-PCR method was developed to detect and quantify the pathogen in ginseng soils.

Heat treatments are applied to ginseng products in order to improve physiological activities through the conversion of ginsenosides, which are key bio-active components. During heat treatment, organic acids can affect ginsenoside conversion. Therefore, the influence of organic acids during heat treatment should be considered.

Frequent overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) has become the major cause of acute liver injury (ALI). The present study was designed to evaluate the potential protective effects of ginsenoside Rk1 on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and investigate the underlying mechanisms for the first time.

Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), a dominant component from the extract of Panax ginseng root, exhibits neuroprotective functions in many neurological diseases. This study was intended to investigate whether ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) can attenuate cisplatin-induced memory impairments and explore the potential mechanisms.

Ginsenosides, which are bioactive components in ginseng, can be converted to smaller size compounds for improvement of their pharmacological activities. The conversion methods include heating; acid, alkali, and enzymatic treatment; and microbial conversion. The aim of this study was to determine the bioconversion of ginsenosides in fermented red ginseng extract (FRGE).

s: Acute hepatic failure (ALF) is life-threatening critical condition in which rapid deterioration of liver function and liver transplantation. Several studies have showed that Panax Ginseng Mayer has antidiabetic and hepatoprotective effect. However, the hepatoprotective effect of ginseng berry is still unveiled. In this study, we evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of ultrasonication processed ginseng berry extract (UGBE) on ALF model in rats.

Fermented black ginseng (FBG) is produced through several cycles of steam treatment of raw ginseng, at which point its color turns black. During this process, the original ginsenoside components of raw ginseng (e.g., Re, Rg1, Rb1, Rc, and Rb2) are altered, and less-polar ginsenosides are generated (e.g., Rg3, Rg5, Rk1, and Rh4). The aim of this study was to inquire into the effect of FBG on wound healing.

Biological activities of ginseng saponins (ginsenosides) are associated with type, number and position of sugar moieties linked to aglycone skeletons. Deglycosylated minor ginsenosides are known as more biologically active than major ginsenosides. Accordingly, the deglycosylation of major ginsenosides can provide the multi-bioactive effects of ginsenosides. The purpose of this study was to transform ginsenoside Rb2, one of the protopanaxadiol-type major ginsenosides, into minor ginsenosides using β-glycosidase (BG−1) purified from Armillaria mellea mycelium.

Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) plays an anti-inflammatory role in variety of inflammatory diseases such as gastritis, hepatitis, and colitis. However, inflammation-regulatory activity of the calyx of the P. ginseng berry has not been thoroughly evaluated. To understand whether the calyx portion of the P. ginseng berry is able to ameliorate inflammatory processes, an ethanolic extract of P. ginseng berry calyx (Pg-C-EE) was prepared, and LPS-activated macrophages and HEK293 cells transfected with inflammation-regulatory proteins were employed to test the anti-inflammatory action of Pg-C-EE.

Black ginseng has a more potent biological activity than non-steamed ginseng has. We investigated the effects of long-term intake of dietary black ginseng extract (BG) on antioxidant activity in aged mice. We also compared the effects of BG on cognitive deficits with those of white ginseng extract (WG) and red ginseng extract (RG).