Biotransformation of major ginsenosides in ginsenoside model culture by lactic acid bacteria

Some differences have been reported in the biotransformation of ginsenosides, probably due to the types of materials used such as ginseng, enzymes, and microorganisms. Moreover, most microorganisms used for transforming ginsenosides do not meet food-grade standards. We investigated the statistical conversion rate of major ginsenosides in ginsenosides model culture (GMC) during fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in order to estimate possible pathways.